In constructing the model the original materials (stone, marble, metal) were used, so that a protective roof could be dispensed with.Scale chosen was 1:50, so that 2 centimeters on the model represent one meter of the ancient city. This large scale made it possible to avoid the usual distortions between horizontal and vertical measurements. Between the highest point in the model, the Tower of Psephinus (815m/2,674ft), and the lowest, in the Kidron valley (606m/1,988ft), there is a difference in height of some 4 meters (13 feet). The model of the city was designed after a careful examination and evaluation of the archeological evidence and the written sources.
The model recreates Jerusalem in 66 CE. In that fateful year, the Great Revolt against the Romans erupted, resulting in the destruction of the city and the Temple. The ancient city was then at its largest, covering an area of 445 acres (more than twice the size of the Old City today). The model thus reflects ancient Jerusalem at its peak, just before all was lost.
In 1966 the model opened to the public on the premises of the Holyland hotel located at the southwest part of the city and quickly became a popular attraction. In 2006 it was relocated to the Israel Museum.